The Chosen Essays (878 words) - American Literature, The Chosen

The Chosen Plot Summary of The Chosen The action of The Chosen unfolds in the immigrant community of Williamsburg, Brooklyn, against the backdrop of World War II. It is seen through the eyes of Reuven Malter, a boy who would appear to have much in common with Danny, for they are both brilliant, Jewish, closely tied to their fathers, and near-neighbors who live only five blocks apart. Still, they attend separate yeshivas and inhabit very different worlds. A baseball league is begun. When Danny Saunders school plays Reuven Malters, the Hasids are determined to show the apikorsim a thing or two and the competition is fierce. Dannys murderous hitting is remarkable, but when Reuven comes to pitch he does not back away. A hard ball shatters his glasses and smashes into his eye, sending him to the hospital for a week. At his fathers insistence, Reuven permits the repentant Danny to visit him, and they become friends. Danny dazzles Reuven with demonstrations of his photographic mind, with the quantity of scholarly work he bears each day, and with the intellectual prowess of his English and Hebrew studiesqualities greatly revered in traditional Jewish culture. Dannys revelations startle Reuven; he confesses he would rather be a psychologist than accept his inherited role as spiritual leader of his fathers sect. Reuvens confessions surprise Danny; he reveals his desire to become a rabbi, though his scholar-father would prefer him to follow his talent and become a mathematician. Danny cannot understand how anyone would choose the very position he secretly wishes to reject. At a time when conflicts are churning within him, Danny finds Reuven as an empathetic listener who is highly intelligent yet safenot a Hasid, but a Jew who follows orthodox religious traditions without rejecting the secular possibilities in the world around them. As the boys become friends, Reuven begins to learn about Hasidism. He learns that there are tzaddiks who were believed to be superhuman links between the people and God. In some sects it was believed that a leader should take upon himself the sufferings of the Jewish people. Such a leader is Reb Saunders. His ways and his teachings are the ways of seventeenth century Hasids and it is this role that Danny is expected to fill when he becomes the tzaddik. In the long initial visits that Reuven pays to Reb Saunders congregation to be approved as fit company for Danny, Reuven observes the way Hasidic philosophy permeates his friends life. Weeks before the accident which brings the two boys together, Mr. Malter meets Danny in the public library and begins to guide him in his search for knowledge of the world through the forbidden books prescribed by his father. Mr. Malter tells Reuven of Dannys brilliant mind, his insatiable appetite for learning, and the amazing speed with which he digests information. When the Germans surrender and the existence of the concentration camps becomes known for the first time, the two mens reactions are characteristic. For Mr. Malter, overwhelming grief is followed by a determination to counter the senseless suffering of the millions who died with something meaningful: the creation of the state of Israel. While Reb Saunders suffers, Danny struggles to educate himself in the ideas of Freud and in the problems of contemporary Judaism. He combines the load of schoolwork and the study of Talmud which forms the basis of his relation to his father, with his own attempts to educate himself in his quest for identity. Reuven, too, is seen to spend many hours of his day in study. The novel begins with Danny and Reuven as high school boys and concludes with their graduation from college. Danny has decided to get out of the life that imprisons him; he will take off the clothing and shun the trappings of the Hasid, go on to graduate school, and become a psychologist. When he has resolved to do this, Mr. Malter tells him he must prepare what he will say to his father. An arranged marriage will have to be broken, the inheritance of spiritual leadership will go to Levi, the tradition of six generations will have been broken, and Reb Saunders will have lost to the world he hates and fears

College Essay Help Online

College Essay Help Online College Essay Help Online If you are applying for admission in to university this year or applying for higher studies, the chances are that you are going to need some solid college essay help.A college application essay is usually of around 500 words and it is really your only chance (apart from the interview-if there is one)- to tell the admissions committee why you are the ideal candidate for admission in to your chosen course and why. Are you looking for free college admission essays? Do you want to know how to write good college essays? Get college entrance essay outline for free at our site! We provide professional college essay help for students online! Custom college application essay written by professional writer wins attention of the readers immediately! Some colleges offer you the freedom to zero in on yourself to discuss your dreams, values and achievements Other colleges may specify that your college essay should center around a particular incident, theory or book. Your Choice of Essay Matters Choosing topic B over topic A can tell the admissions committee so much about yourself. You obviously prefer one choice over the other due to the kind of person you are; so if you are looking for somecollege essay help let me tell you that the choice of a college application essay also plays a crucial role in your assessment. It is not only the content, but the way in which you present it. What ever you write in your college application essay should showcase your ability to persuade, organize and lucidly write about your chosen topic. What and How What you prefer: Are you artistic or do you have a scientific bent of mind? This will clearly be reflected in the choice of essay. E.g. If you choose to write an essay on Michael Angelo then you are obviously a creative person. If you choose to write about Air Pressure then you quite obviously have a scientific bent of mind. What you believe How you think: your choice also offers college essay helpby indicating the type of person you are to the admissions committee. You must let them know you are an organized, hardworking and sincere person. If you make a point and leave it hanging while jumping to another unrelated sentence then this will show that you are a confused thinker. A more organized thinking pattern shows that you are dependable and methodical. Read also: Human Rights Law Business Essay Good Essay Example of Argumentative Essay Essay Term Paper on Doing Business in China Concept Paper

PROJECT CENSORED Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

PROJECT CENSORED - Assignment Example Due to the fact that the media heaped such a high degree of praise on these individuals that were working to employ acts of terrorism to overthrow a government, it begged the question as to why the Western press was so single-minded on the approach to this issue. This brief analysis will consider a solitary news report from the Telegraph and juxtapose this with the information that other news outlets continued to put forward to their viewership on a daily basis. Due to the fact that censorship takes a variety of forms, it will be the purpose of this brief analysis to consider how and why the main media outlets willingly chose to ignore such a massive story as the one which the Telegraph related. To briefly summarize the time period in which this article came out, the reader should understand that tensions within the Middle East had been fomenting as a result of the Arab Spring. Although it will not be the goal of this essay to discuss whether the Arab Spring was in and of itself a po pular uprising of the people groups of Middle Eastern nations or the manufactured malcontent that Washington is famous for inspiring, it should however be considered the extent and scope within which the United States was involved in the Libyan uprising from its earliest days in Benghazi. At the point that this article was published, the Libyan uprising had been ongoing for a period of around 2 months. The article itself was titled, â€Å"Libyan rebel commander admits his fighters have al-Qaeda links† and published on the 25 of March 2011. Although such an admission may seem banal, the fact of the matter was that this firsthand statement from the opposing side worked to affirm the similar statements that then Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi had been advocating since the rebels began engaging in terrorism in Benghazi back in February of the same year. Due to the overall unpopularity of such a viewpoint, the article was practically the only one of its time. However, the fact that a premier Libyan Revolutionary would openly admit to a Western news source that his fighters had known Al Qaeda linkages was a news story that the mainstream press was none too interested in putting forward as the entire political spectrum within the United States supported NATO action within Libya to overthrow the stable and long-standing government of Gaddafi (Swami 2011). It is not the purpose of this analysis to put forward why such a news story was itself inherently offensive to the Western media so much so that such a bombshell news story could go practically unnoticed, however, one could safely surmise that the powerful interests behind the scenes (oil companies and a plethora of other MNCs) wished Gaddafi to be toppled so that they may have new markets for their products. Similarly, due to the fact that only a handful of major conglomerates own a lion’s share of the Western media, it is somewhat surprising that such a story made it into the mainstream press whatsoeve r; if only for such a brief and unnoticed article. The fact that Al Qaeda openly supported the Libyan rebels was no secret to those that carefully followed the revolution. Gaddafi as well as key observers had been frenetically attempting to warn the West before they bandwagoned together and

The Global Service Sector Enterprises Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The Global Service Sector Enterprises - Essay Example There was rapid agricultural and industrial development which was facilitated by the rich reserve of natural resources in the country. In the past few decades, Australia has established itself as an advanced economy and a strong competitor in the international market for goods and services. In the last century, Australia has been named one of the fastest developing economies among the OECD countries. The economic reforms made in the country during the 1980s are a major reason behind such brilliant performance by the economy. It ranks high in the international standards in the indices measuring human development, life expectancy, public literacy level and preservation of fundamental rights of the people. Australia has a non-permanent membership in the United Nations for the year 2013-2014 and is a member of the World Trade Organization since 1995 (Security Council Report, 2012). PESTLE Analysis Several factors originate and exist in the macro scenario of an economy that affects the op erations of the business organizations of the economy. Changes in tax structures, trade barriers, change in government policy, demographic changes and a multitude of new laws implemented as a result of all these changes form parts of the macro-environmental change (Morrison, 2011). We shall use the PESTEL model to analyse these changes in the context of Australia and determine the factors that act as drivers of small and medium enterprises within the country. POLITICAL FACTORS Political factors relates to the extent to which the government interferes into the matters of the economy. The government of Australia is also known as â€Å"the Commonwealth Government† or â€Å"the federal government† (Australia, n.d.). The government body has three divisions; the legislature, the executive and the judiciary. The constitution makes no reference to any political party so as to allow the legislature to operate smoothly. Although government policies are a very practical method of affecting business practices directly, they are not always appropriate or effective (The Allen Consulting Group, 2008). Government intervention The Australian Government launches programs from time to time which are aimed at improving the environment for SMEs, promoting their growth and increasing employment levels (The Allen Consulting Group, 2008). It provides grants to the enterprises for developing employee skill and provides support in project planning. It provides advisory support to entrepreneurs for the starting of home-based business and expanding them. However, there are several government policies and regulations which are acting as barriers to business development of the SMEs. The government is taking steps to reduce such regulations and encouraging local governments to help small firms in reducing compliance costs (The Allen Consulting Group, 2008). Consumer protection Rights of the consumers in Australia are protected with utmost sincerity. There is a single consumer law applicable for the entire nation. â€Å"The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission† (Australian government, n.d.) formed in 1995 has the responsibility to look after trade practices, prices and overall consumer benefit. The provision of consumer security makes Australia a safe ground for business activities

How to Improve the Place Where You Work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

How to Improve the Place Where You Work - Essay Example The first step towards improving the workplace is to make sure that the employees have a way by which they can communicate with management pertaining to their workplace related issues. This can be done via unidentified surveys or comment forms dropped into boxes at strategic locations within the office. These pieces of data, information, or stories can then be collated in order to give management a better idea as to the status of the workplace. The problems within the workplace or workforce cannot often be seen on the physical level which is why it is of the utmost importance that employees have a way to release their work frustration by allowing their sentiments to reach the upper levels of management who can hopefully do something about it. Using the collated information, the workforce development team can now put on their thinking caps and mine the forms for plausible solutions from fellow employees. It is highly possible that the best solution to workplace problem can be found in the imaginative ideas of an employee just letting off steam in a survey form. These ideas can then be developed and integrated into an updated work dictum that will hopefully serve to enhance the culture in the workplace, thus, lowering stress levels all around. Remember that improving the workplace is not the responsibility of management alone. ... Scheduling regular dialogue sessions with department members and department heads will often provide the much needed input regarding work related problems that need to be solved. Project specific teams can then be created in order to focus on the narrowed down problem list and its potential solutions as specific action ideas. At this point, it would be a good idea for the company to sponsor quarterly meetings with the employees in order to let them know about the progress or succeeding stages of the workplace improvement efforts. The success of the problem specific teams will rely on upper level communication and representation. This communication and action conduit should be tasked with the responsibility of engaging the key organization leaders and managers in regular discussions meant to bring the plight of the workers to the attention of the business leaders. By enlightening the top brass about the lower level problems, they will be able to help formulate possible action plans me ant to help strengthen the organization. This is also a method by which management can show the rank and file employees that they are valued members of the corporation and as such, their workplace concerns are taken seriously by management since the solution to those problems affect the bottom line of the company profits. Finally, it is important to acknowledge that these team members are not merely secretaries who take notes during meetings and create action plans that never see the light of day. Rather, these workplace improvement team members should be allowed to instigate and experiment with their suggested problems and solutions in order to gauge the effectiveness of the proposed solutions on a department level at the very least. Such compartmentalized methods of

KBR Technology and Engineering Analysis

KBR Technology and Engineering Analysis Introduction to the case: KBR (Kellogg, Brown and Root) is a global Infrastructure business Venture. With 57,000 employees operating worldwide, its a leading engineering, construction and services company. Supporting the hydrocarbon, energy, civil infrastructure sectors and government services, its business is based on project management activities. Headquartered in Houston, Texas; it operates from its locations in Australia, Africa, UK, Asia and the Middle East. It enjoys an eminent and one of the leading market positions in the infrastructure sector. KBR serves its customers through six strategic business units: †¢ Upstream offers engineering related services for energy Projects †¢ Downstream serves business clients in the petrochemical coal gasification markets †¢ KBR Services provides construction and maintenance support services †¢ KBR Technology Manages Intellectual Property Rights. †¢ KBR Ventures Provides Financial and management services to its partners. †¢ Government and Infrastructure (GI) offers construction, engineering and project management services. Leveraging from its GI business expertise, KBR formed a Joint venture with Carillion, another company, creating Aspire Defense. Aspire Defence is to deliver Project Allenby/ Connaught. Project Allenby happens to be the largest infrastructure project, in scale, to be awarded by the Ministry of Defence to the private sector. Aspire defence has three business wings: * Aspire Defence Limited (ADL), responsible for Service Delivery. * Aspire Defence Capital Works (ADCW) delivers the construction. * Aspire defence Services Limited (ADSL) delivers facilities and provides service management support to the project. Our study is to analyse the organization of such a diversified business venture. The report is to study the Organizational behavior and change management systems in place. Our focus would be on Aspire defence. Q1). Leadership and the leadership style used by the company and its relationship with the leadership theories you are familiar with? Leadership is amongst the most important things by which an organization is run. Its the most celebrated of the management traits. â€Å"Effective leadership is the ability to successfully integrate and maximize available resources within the internal and external environment for the attainment of organizational or societal goals† (Ogbonnia, 2007). Leadership styles refer to the leaders decision making behavior, which is resultant of the philosophy, experience and personality of the leader. Leadership styles may be classified as follows (Lewin, Lippitt,and White, 1939): * Dictator: Leader uses fear and threats to impose his decisions. * Autocratic : Centralised decision making. * Democratic : Partcipative decision making. * Free Rein : Maximum liberty allowed to individuals. KBR follows a flat organizational structure, meaning there are only a few layers between the line workers and ownership. Modern Organizations are continuously becoming flatter, with the leadership shunning their â€Å"lazy† dependence on the hierarchy to get the management data together and then disseminating the leadership decisions down the vertical. KBRs hierarchy suggests a Senior Management Team which wants to be involved in the minutest of the business functionalities. They are dynamic enough to control costs and to increase speed of response to customer desires and market changes. Over the years, KBR has done very well to grow from a small fabrication business to one of the most respected, diversified conglomerates of Britain. Its success suggests that the leadership has been effective to maintain the balance between becoming flatter and the social distance required in order to take the big-picture view; to make structured business decisions. ADSL seems to follow a democratic leadership style. Due to lesser hierarchies, employees tend to be self directed, taking initiatives and applying intuition to their daily operations. With ADL solely responsible for service delivery ; ADSL and ADCW entrusted with project execution, the set up provides a framework where each and every role is involved in the decision making process. With the organization slowly moving towards a matrix structure, the management has a very quick access to the cross functional teams. These teams with specific knowledge of different areas of the business venture, provide important inputs to decision making. As with many modern organizations, the leadership style can be explained by the Situational Leadership theories, wherein the management acts on contingency and takes on a leadership style which a particular situation demands. They are completely flexible. Examine the source of the organizations culture and its implications on the workforce and the organizational performance. Cooke and Rosseau define Organizational culture as â€Å"The ways of thinking, behaving and believing that members of a social unit have in common†. Organisations are viewed as independent, its goals differing from those of its members. There are three main sources from which an organization derives its culture: * The national culture * The Vision, Management style of its founder. * The nature of Business. Matching individuals to organizations is an important part of success to any business. The match between people and the organizations they work for, is determined by the type of organizational culture that exists. The extent to which an organizations values match with that of an individual is the prime determinant of the employees work. An organizations culture basically defines an employees role. Being aware of the organizational culture at all levels is important because it is the culture that defines appropriate and inappropriate behavior. In some businesses, for example, creativity is stressed. In others, the status quo is valued. Some cultures are more socially oriented, while others insist task-orientation. Corporate performance depends a lot on this match between the individual and corporate values. Effective management involves maintaining a balance between the two. The core values of KBR are intrinsic to its organizational culture, built upon the highest standards of safety, transparency, disciple, financial accountability among others. KBR has developed an organizational culture where its fundamentals are based on delivering benefits to its customers, shareholders, communities it serves and to its employees. Such an organizational culture has helped KBR to be premier organization delivering projects and services to a global marketplace. Culture acts as a constraint on the actions of managers and workers. Explore how the culture of an organization has impact on both the leadership and the organization structure of the organization. Culture within a company has a huge impact on leadership and the decison making process. Of all the implications, an organizations culture determines the leadership styles and whether the decision making is top down or bottom up. In a top down approach, the leadership is autocratic. Decisions are taken and merely passed down the channels without any inputs from the technical experts who, mostly, are at the bottom of the organization structure. In a bottom up culture, decisions are partly taken by the actual job floor, within their scope. In such a set up, innovative ideas are generated and the company usually fares well because it harnesses the power of many. Entrepreneurial setups, like KBR tend to have a flat organizational structure. Organizational cultures derived from the nature of businesses also define the organizational structure. Heavy equipment manufacturing set ups and Investment Banks usually tend to have flat structures. This is so to allow the management to control the dynamically changing market trends and customer preferences which are very important for them. On the other hand an FMCG company usually has a tall structure. Primarily because of their long distribution, acquisition and logistics chain; and because the customer preferences are fairly stable. Explain the issue of motivation theories, the motivational policies used in the case and its impact on the individual and organization performances. Stephen P. Robbins defines motivation as â€Å"The processes that account for an individuals intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal.† Motivation, in the modern Organizational context is one of the most important and underlying factors which drives every employee performance. Different scholarly theories have been put forward in the understanding of motivation and its effects on organizational efficiency. The most recognized of these are the Maslows Need Hierarchy Thoery, Douglas Mc Gregors Theory X and Thoery Y, Frederick Herzbergs Two Factor Theory. Maslow states that innate in every employee is a hierarchy of needs- Physiological, Social, Esteem, and Self- Actualisation; in order. He explains that as and when each need is substantially fulfilled, an employee looks to satisfy the next need on the Grid. To retain the most able of its talent, an organization has to dynamically map its personnels competency and their satisfaction levels. Calculated incentives have to be offered to satisfy the next level. Douglas Mc Gregor states that there are two states of human psychology and every compensation structure has to be devised keeping them in mind. Theory X is to be followed by the management when it feels that its employees pessimistic- they dislike work, avoid responsibility, have little ambitions and must be conyinuously supervised. Theory Y is to be used when the employees are optimistic they like work, are self directed, need little supervision. Frederick Herzberg states that certain factors result in job satisfaction, the absen ce of these result in job dissatisfaction. He distinguished them as Motivators responsility, recognition, challenging work, among others and Hygiene factors such as salary and job satisfaction. Motivators give positive satisfaction and hygiene factors do not motivate. But, if absent result, they lead to dissatisfaction. KBR and ADSL have good motivational practices in place. Firstly, it offers its employees a place in an organization that has been growing at a very impressive pace. This results in the employees being secured of their jobs and a chance to grow along with the organization. In tough economic conditions, like the present, job security is amongst the most important motivator which drives an employee performance. It offers a wide range of career opportunities. With clearly defined job specifications and responsibilities, it allows the employees to work in their areas of excellence. KBR recruits the most competent of the managers. Many a times, the primary reason for high attrition rates is the management. With high caliber people in the management, its employees will have the right direction. Such motivators, amongst others, have resulted in KBR being a place where employees work to their full potential. Efficient workforce has resulted in KBR now being one of the most admired business conglomerates. Examine the nature of a team, its structure and how it has an impact on the organization performances. A team in an organizational context is simply, individuals working together towards a common business goal. There are a number of factors that define a teams structure and its success. Leadership: An effective team leader should possess the management skills to establish and maintain a positive working environment; motivate the team to take a positive approach towards the goal. Communication: Clear communication without any ‘noise. Established roles: The team should have clearly established goals and each members role within the framework. Teamwork is an important asset to any organization. Effectively managed teams improve business efficiency. The postulate that â€Å"whole is more than the sum of its parts† works well in a team space. Some of the positive outcomes of effective teamwork are: * Absenteesim becomes a lesser problem. * Decision making is quick. * Tasks are completed in a harmonious way. * Morale remains high. How effective do you think the company approach to people management will be in ensuring improved results and enhancing the change management process? ADSL and KBR have good human resource practices in place. With a global presence and diversified role offerings, it is amongst the most admired work places. The KBR culture nurses autonomy and independent thinking. At the same time, all its projects being team based, it is a place to excel in collaborative, team based activities. It has systems and practices in place for managing change in a systematic and planned fashion. The company treats its employees as its main assets. This is evident from its sophisticated people management culture. Historically, the biggest resistance to change has been the workforce. By managing its people well, it is assuring them continued growth and prosperity within the organization. This will result in change being implemented in a smooth fashion. Explain the way individual and organization behaves, linking this with the relevant theory that you are familiar with. How would these impact on any organisations change process? Individual and organizations are both separate entities. For an organization, its primary goal is the maximization of its stake holders value. For an individual, the personal goals could be earnings, social status, comfort, among others. These goals are naturally conflicting in nature. Individuals perceive Organizational goals, culture and values as impeding to their own goals. Organizations are ultimately made up of individuals, whose behavior and goals will ultimately affect organizational behavior. Individual traits that usually influence organizational behavior are the individual values, ethics, attitudes, personality and culture. These traits may influence organizational behavior, particularly inert in people responsible for creating the corporate culture, for example, the top management (Robbins and Judge, 2006). Individual values and ethics are one of the biggest determinants of organizational behavior. Individual personality is also one of the determining factors. Some of the personality factors which may influence organizational behavior are positivity/negativity, optimism/pessimism, work/social (Penner, Midili, Kegelmeyer, 1997). Cultural differences as well, affect organizational behavior. All these behavioral traits have negative/ positive impact on the Organization. For instance, an Asian employee, who expects a high power distance from their direct line might not work well under a Europeon management, which is more democratic. On the other hand, due to many caste systems in their home countries, they work well with teams of diverse backgrounds. The individual traits described above affect organizational behavior, the larger effects of these are likely to be from the top management. Effective management requires an understanding of these influences at workplace and to absorb them. Workforce is, perhaps, the biggest resistance to organizational change. Organizational change generates anxiety and resistance in employees, making it difficult to implement organizational change (Folger and Skarlicki, 1999). Any management personnels ability in achieving maximum benefits from change depends majorly on how effectively they create and manage an environment that minimizes resistant and encourages acceptance (Coetsee,1999). In order to facilitate a smooth migration from the old to the new, organizations must be competent in effective change management. The process of change management mainly involves in having those involved and affected to accept the proposed changes. Explain how the company has managed its change process and how it has benefitted from this management process? KBR has been responding to change quite well. The firm has undergone drastic changes to its approach since it began operations in 1901. It has diversified in scope and in scale. The business has changed from a small pipe manufacturing firm to a manufacturing conglomerate. The firm has been receptive to change in line with the changing market trends and business needs. Looking back at the number of acquisitions and divestments that KBR has made, it can be said that change management has been a planned and phased transition at KBR. The firm has benefitted from this change. It has been able to tap the growing manufacturing industry and establish itself as a premier enterprise in the area. Put forward some recommendations for future improvement The recent economic downturn has been amongst the most dreaded global disasters of recent times. The fundamentals of many established companies have been questioned and quite a few have failed in these testing times. Infrastructure, after financial services, has been the worst hit. There will be an enhanced pressure from the stake holders for better performance. Competition will be intense and businesses will be on the look out for innovative ways to help raise business. Risk management is of utmost importance. I believe ADSL has to beef up its risk management team. With a deal as long as 36 years, the business will surely see even more volatile periods. Firstly, ADSL has to concentrate on managing its partners better. It has to look to strike deals with its suppliers and hedge its risk exposures. Oil is one such example. There were times when Crude Oil prices rose to as high as over $50 a barrel. An year later, these prices softened by around 40%. Surely, if it had signed a forward delivery contract with its suppliers, it could have absorbed such a massive price change. It has to re engineer its financial flows of the deal. With 36 years of cash flows to happen, there is a high exposure to exchange volatility and inflation. It has to start implementing change in its Network management. A lot of companies, especially the banks, have been laying off its staff in big numbers. With the economy set to get better over the next two quarters, these companies have started a hiring spree; all at huge costs. ADSL should concentrate more on retaining its most able talent and not respond to short term market implications. KBR and ADSL have been responding to change, whether triggered by internal or external factors, quite well over the years. But, there is scale for improvement. The company, with its geographical spread, has leveraged the economies of scale. But there are a lot of economies of scope that it could exploit. Its been in existence for over a century and with its cash rich treasuries, it could diversify into a much bigger conglomerate. KBRs recruiting policy allows entry to all levels of the company. Though this might work good for junior and mid level management roles, it does not hold good for senior management. KBR has to change its behavior towards this area and concentrate more on succession planning. Successful companies have firm succession plans and many huge conglomerates do allow outsiders to take on senior level positions. The same has to be adopted at KBR. This becomes even more profound in the current scenario when information and data security is of prime importance. Bibliography: Ogbonnia, K.S. ,2007. Political party system and effective leadership in Nigeria: A Contingency Approach. Walden University, 2007, p.27 George J.M. 2000. Emotions and leadership: The role of emotional intelligence, Human Relations 53, pp. 1027-1055 Spillane, James P.,2004. Towards a theory of leadership practice. Journal of Curriculum Studies 36 (1): 3-34. Maslow, Abraham ,1954. Motivation and Personality.New York:. Harper. p. 236 Coetsee, L., 1999. From resistance to commitment. Public Administration Quarterly, pp. 204-222. Penner, L. A., Midili, A. R., Kegelmeyer, J. ,1997. Beyond job attitudes. Human Performance, 10 (2),pp. 111-130. Folger, R. Skarlicki, D., 1999. Unfairness and resistance to change, Journal of Organizational Change Management, pp. 35-50. Robbins, Stephen P., 2006. Organizational Behavior. [e-book] Prentice Hall International, Inc., Available at: http://wwwuser.gwdg.de/~uwuf/pdfdatei/orga/Chapt1.pdf [Accessed 25 November 2009]. Organizational culture Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 2009. Organizational culture [Online] Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_culture [Accessed 10 April 2005]. Harris, Stanley G. (1994) Organizational Culture and Individual Sensemaking. Organization Science, Vol. 5,(3): pp. 309-321.

Comparing Barnes of The Sun Also Rises and Caraway of The Great Gatsby

Similarities Between Barnes of The Sun Also Rises and Caraway of The Great Gatsby   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Supported by Ten Quotes from   Sun Also Rises, No quotes from Gatsby  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jacob Barnes shares a personality quirk with Nick Caraway; both want to give the impression of being decent, honest men forced to endure the corruption and pettiness of those around them. â€Å"What's not clear through most of The Sun Also Rises is whether or not Jake believes his own press†(Trilling, 34). Nick Caraway speaks openly of his integrity and then contradicts himself with his actions. Hemingway uses the contrast between Jake's descriptions of others and what is left unsaid to establish his superior morals. This leaves room to wonder about Jake's sincerity, but it's not until the last page of the story that his complicity is fully revealed.    Like Nick, Jake is the narrator of the story, yet the first two chapters of The Sun Also Rises focus on the character of Robert Cohn; a man that Jake says that he likes, but describes with subtle condescension. When Jake recounts the wealth and position of Cohn's family, it's inferred that his own background is modest and somehow more honest. He tells of the women who have controlled Cohn, mother, ex-wife and the forceful Frances, implying that he himself has never been so weak-willed. Even Cohn's accomplishments as a boxer at Princeton are called into question and that detail is like a loaded gun introduced in the first act of a play and bound to go off in the third. Cohn is painted as spoiled and immature to Jake's own self-sufficient manliness.    As the stage is set and the characters introduced, Jake seems detached from the events. His descriptions are clever and can be cruel, as when he notes that he "saw... ...de the conflict out of which comes Brett's plea to Jake for help. Did he plan this all along? Perhaps not, but he certainly did nudge things along in the direction that would bring him to Brett's rescue. He may not be able to enjoy her as other men make fools of themselves to, but she'll always return to the safety of him and he'll never look the fool.    Works Cited and Consulted: Bloom, Harold. Ernest Hemingway. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1985. Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. 1925. New York: Scribner Classic, 1986. Hemingway, Ernest. The Sun Also Rises. New York: Simon and Schuster Inc., 1993. Raleigh, John Henry. "F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby." Mizener 99-103. Trilling, Lionel. "F. Scott Fitzgerald." Critical Essays on Scott Fitzgerald's "Great Gatsby." Ed. Scott Donaldson. Boston: Hall, 1984. 13-52.